denk̂-

    denk̂-

    English meaning: to bite

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “beißen”

    Note: Root denk-̂ : “to bite” derived from Illyr. derivative of Root ĝembh-, ĝmb̥ h- : “to bite; tooth” common Illyr. ĝ- > d- phonetic mutatIon.

    Material: O.Ind. dáśati “ bites” (*dn̥kéti), perf. dadáṃśa (thereafter also a present dáṃśati), Kaus. daṃśáyate “makes bite “, dáṃśa-ḥ “bite, gadfly, brake”, daṃśana-m “the bitting “, daṃṣ̌ṭra-ḥ, dáṃstrü “ sharp tooth, fang” = Av. tiži-dąstra- “with sharp teeth, toothed “ (for -dąštra- s. Bartholomae AIran. Wb. 653); Gk. δάκνω “bite” (*dn̥k̂-nṓ), Aor. ἔδακον (= Impf. O.Ind. ádaśam), wherefore Fut. δήξομαι (aberIon. δάξεται), perf. δέδηγμαι, δεδηχώς (as well as δῆγμα “bite”) with ablaut neologism (Schwyzer Gk. I 770); δακετόν, τὸ δάκος “ biting animal”; in addition probably ὀδάξ “with biting teeth “, perhaps originally “tooth” or “bite” (Liddell-Scott, different Schwyzer Gk. I 620, 723), probably hybridization of *δάξ “biting” with ὀδούς, therefrom derived όδάξω (ἀδάξω with Assimil. of o in α), ἀδαχέω etc ‘scratch, itch”, ἀδαγμός “ the scratch “; Alb.Gheg danë (*donk̂-nü), Tosc darë “pliers”; O.H.G. zangar “biting, sharp”, M.L.G. tanger “ds., vicious, strong, fresh”; O.N. tǫng (gen. tengr and tangar), O.E. tang, tange, O.H.G. zanga “pliers” (*donk̂ǘ), i.e. “the clenching of the teeth “; with further shifting to “to press (lips) together”, probably O.S. bitengi “moving close to, oppressive”, O.E. getang ds., getenge “ near to, close to, oppressive, thronging, pressing “, O.H.G. gizengi “ passing by, moving nearby”, adv. gizango, wherefore O.N. tengja (*tangjan) “join”, O.E. tengan “assail, urge, press, push, aspire to move forward”, getengan “make adhere, be obedient “ (O.E. intinga m. “weary, weak”, sam-tinges “at once”, getingan, st. V., “press in” after Fick III4 152 neologism?); besides in gramm. variation Gmc. *tanhu- “adjoining tightly, appendant, tough” in O.E. tōh “ tough “; M.L.G. tü “ abiding, tough “, O.H.G. zühi, Ger. zäh; O.N. tü n. ‘stamped place before the house” (finn. Lw. tanhua “corral, pen, fold”); perhaps originally different from the root *dē̆ k- “tear”, although *denk̂- perhaps as nasalized form to *dē̆ k and “bite” could be understood as “tear with the teeth”.

    References: WP. I 790 f.